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No, vegan foods are not automatically highly processed; whole plant foods are minimally processed, while many convenience swaps are ultra-processed.

No, vegan foods aren’t automatically gluten-free; the vegan label excludes animal products, not gluten from wheat, barley, or rye.

Yes, vegan foods are dairy-free by definition; “vegan” excludes milk, cheese, butter, whey, casein, and all animal-derived ingredients.

Yes, most vegan burgers are processed foods, and many qualify as ultra-processed under the NOVA system.

Organic foods rely on natural inputs and a short list of allowed additives, with strict rules for crops, livestock, and processing.

No, U.S. food standards aren’t broadly lower than EU; each system is strict but differs on hormones, additives, pesticides, and risk approach.

Yes, underglazes are food-safe when sealed under a stable, fully fired clear glaze; bare underglaze on food areas isn’t.